CATTI备考丨生态环境专题①
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备考关键词：“生态环境”
一、词语热身
•荒漠化
desertification
•石漠化
rock desertification
•二氧化硫
sulfur dioxide
•氮氧化物
nitrogen oxide
•水土流失
soil erosion
•绿色发展
green development
•湿地保护
wetland protection
•填海造地
coastal area reclamation
•细颗粒物
fine particulate matter (PM2.5)
•节能减排
energy conservation and emission reductions
•燃油品质
fuel quality
•森林面积
forest coverage
•黑臭水体
black, malodorous water bodies
•柴油货车
diesel trucks
•化肥农药
chemical fertilizer and pesticide use
•蓝天保卫战
the fight to defend the blue of our skies
•化学需氧量
chemical oxygen demand
•氨氮排放量
ammonia nitrogen emissions
•污染排放标准
standards on the emission of pollutants
•生态文明体制
an ecological civilization
•耕地轮作休耕
crop rotation and fallow land
•生态补偿机制
the compensation mechanisms for ecological conservation
•生态保护红线
redlines for ecological conservation
•沙化土地面积
the area of desertified land
•黄标车和老旧车
high-emission and old vehicles
•主要污染物排放量
the release of major pollutants
•严禁"洋垃圾"入境
will completely prohibit garbage from being brought into China
•退耕还林还草还湿
to turn marginal farmland into forest, grassland, and wetlands
•生态系统保护和修复
protect and restore ecosystems
•绿水青山就是金山银山
lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets
•生态环境损害赔偿制度
out a system of compensation for ecological and environmental damage
•坚持人与自然和谐发展
to achieving harmony between human and nature
•重大生态保护和修复工程
pursued major ecological conservation and restoration projects
•重点流域和海域综合治理
prevention and control measures against water pollution in key drainage basins and sea areas
•单位国内生产总值能耗、水耗
energy and water consumption per unit of GDP
以上名词均选自《2018年政府工作报告》
二、翻译练习
请尝试自己先翻译一下，口译/笔译/同传/视译，任君选择：
坚持人与自然和谐发展，着力治理环境污染，生态文明建设取得明显成效。树立绿水青山就是金山银山理念，以前所未有的决心和力度加强生态环境保护。重拳整治大气污染，重点地区细颗粒物 (PM2.5 平均浓度下降 30% 以上。加强散煤治理，推进重点行业节能减排，71% 的煤电机组实现超低排放。优化能源结构，煤炭消费比重下降 8.1个百分点，清洁能源消费比重提高 6.3个百分点。提高燃油品质，淘汰黄标车和老旧车 2000 多万辆。加强重点流域海域水污染防治，化肥农药使用量实现零增长。推进重大生态保护和修复工程，扩大退耕还林还草还湿，加强荒漠化、石漠化、水土流失综合治理。开展中央环保督察，严肃查处违法案件。积极推动《巴黎协定》签署生效，我国在应对全球气候变化中发挥了重要作用。（五年来工作回顾）
以上内容选自《2018年政府工作报告》
三、原文译文逐句对照
【1】坚持人与自然和谐发展，着力[高频动词]治理环境污染，生态文明建设取得明显成效。
with a commitment to achieving harmony between human and nature, we have taken major steps to address pollution, and achieved notable progress inecological conservation.
【2】树立绿水青山就是金山银山理念，以前所未有的决心和力度加强[高频动词]生态环境保护。
We have established the notion that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets and acted with resolve and intensity as never before to strengthen environmental protection.
【3】重拳整治大气污染，重点地区细颗粒物（PM2.5）平均浓度下降 30% 以上。
We have struck out hard against air pollution, thus achieving a drop of over 30 percent in the average density of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in key areas.
【4】加强[高频动词]散煤治理，推进[高频动词]重点行业节能减排，71% 的煤电机组实现超低排放。
We have done more to reduce the use of low quality coal, pushed for progress in energy conservation and emission reductions in key industries, and seen 71 percent of coal-fired power plants achieving ultra-low emissions.
【5】优化[高频动词]能源结构，煤炭消费比重下降[高频动词] 8.1个百分点，清洁能源消费比重提高[高频动词] 6.3个百分点。
We have improved the energy mix, cutting the share of coal consumption by 8.1 percentage points and increasing the share of clean energy consumption by 6.3 percentage points.
【6】提高[高频动词]燃油品质，淘汰黄标车和老旧车 2000 多万辆。
We have improved fuel quality, and taken over 20 million high-emission and old vehicles off the roads.
【7】加强[高频动词]重点流域海域水污染防治，化肥农药使用量实现零增长。
We have strengthened prevention and control measures against water pollution in key drainage basins and sea areas, and achieved zero growth in chemical fertilizer and pesticide use.
【8】推进[高频动词]重大生态保护和修复工程，扩大退耕还林还草还湿，加强[高频动词]荒漠化、石漠化、水土流失综合治理。
We have pursued major ecological conservation and restoration projects, expanded the coverage of initiatives to turn marginal farmland into forest, grassland, and wetlands, and intensified
comprehensive efforts to curb desertification, rock desertification, and soil erosion.
【9】开展[高频动词]中央环保督察，严肃查处违法案件。
We have launched central government inspections on environmental protection and investigated and prosecuted cases involving legal violations.
【10】积极推动[高频动词]《巴黎协定》签署生效，我国在应对全球气候变化中发挥了重要作用。
We worked toward and saw that the Paris Agreement was put into force; China has played an important role in responding to global climate change.
（文章转载自“北京策马翻译”微信公众号）
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